La prévention des risques de zoonose LégiSocial

Dossier parent :

DUERP : Quelles obligations pour l'employeur ? /

Fiche pratique

RH - Hygiène et sécurité Risques professionnels

Au titre de son obligation de sécurité, l’employeur est tenu de prendre les mesures nécessaires pour assurer la sécurité et protéger la santé de ses salariés.

Rédigé par

Béatrice Renard

Publié le 07 mars 2021

Mis à jour le 08 avril 2024

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Les zoonoses

Les zoonoses sont des maladies transmissibles de l’animal à l’homme. Les agents biologiques responsables de zoonoses peuvent être des bactéries, des champignons microscopiques, des parasites, des virus ou des prions.

Prévenir les risques de survenue de zoonoses nécessite de rompre la chaîne de transmission.

PRINCIPAUX MODES DE TRANSMISSION DES ZOONOSES EN MILIEU PROFESSIONNEL ET EXEMPLES DE SITUATIONS D'EXPOSITION
Inhalation	Inhalation de gouttelettes émises lors de la toux par un animal tuberculeux. Inhalation de poussières contaminées par des déjections, des placentas ou des sécrétions génitales d’animaux atteints de la fièvre Q. Inhalation d’aérosols produits par l’utilisation de jets d’eau à haute pression sur un environnement souillé par des déjections.
Contact avec la peau ou les muqueuses	Contact de la peau avec des eaux douces souillées par des urines de rongeurs dans le cas de la leptospirose. Contact entre muqueuses oculaires et mains contaminées (en se frottant les yeux), dans le cas de la grippe aviaire.
Inoculation	Piqûre d’une tique au cours d’un travail en forêt, dans le cas de la maladie de Lyme. Blessure avec une esquille d’os ou une arête de poisson, dans le cas du rouget du porc.
Ingestion	Contact entre bouche et mains contaminées par des déjections animales contenant des salmonelles (en mangeant ou en fumant).

PRINCIPAUX MODES DE TRANSMISSION DES ZOONOSES EN MILIEU PROFESSIONNEL ET EXEMPLES DE SITUATIONS D'EXPOSITION

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​Les zoonoses

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Les zoonoses